verilog求助
时间：10-02
整理：3721RD
点击：
我是初学者，下面是我学着写的一个异步fifo的代码：
module fifo(clka,clkb,rd_en,wt_en,full,empty,clr,din,dout);
parameter width = 7,
addr_width = 9,
max_width = 1023,
gray_txt = 10'b1000000000;
input clka,clkb,clr,rd_en,wt_en;
input[width:0] din;
output[width:0] dout;
output full,empty;
reg[width:0] dout;
reg full,empty;
reg[width:0] remb[0:max_width];
reg[addr_width:0] rd_p,wt_p;
reg txta,txtb;
// write data
always @(posedge clka)
begin
if(full == 0 && wt_en)
remb[wt_p] <= din;
end
// read data
always @(posedge clkb)
begin
if(empty == 0 && rd_en)
dout <= remb[rd_p];
end
//write pointer
always @(posedge clka or negedge clr)
begin
wt_p <= gray(clr,(full || (wt_en == 0)));
end
//read pointer
always @(posedge clkb or negedge clr)
begin
rd_p <= gray1(clr,(empty || (rd_en == 0)));
end
//singal txta for write
always @(posedge clka or negedge clr)
begin
if(！clr)
txta <= 0;
else if(wt_p == gray_txt)
txta <= ~txta;
end
//singal txtb for read
always @(posedge clkb or negedge clr)
begin
if(！clr)
txtb <= 0;
else if(rd_p == gray_txt)
txtb <= ~txtb;
end
// full generate
always @(posedge clka or negedge clr)
begin
if(！clr)
full <= 0;
else if(txta == ~txtb && wt_p == rd_p)
full <= 1;
else
full <= 0;
end
// empty generate
always @(posedge clkb or negedge clr)
begin
if(！clr)
empty <= 1;
else if(txta == txtb && wt_p == rd_p)
empty <= 1;
else
empty <= 0;
end
//gray for address pointer
function[addr_width:0] gray;
input clr;
input en;
reg[addr_width:0] cnt;
begin
cnt = clr? (en ? cnt : (cnt + 1)) : 0;
/*
if(clr)
begin
if(en)
cnt = cnt;
else
cnt = cnt + 1;
end
else
cnt = 0;
*/
gray[addr_width] = 0 ^ cnt[addr_width];
gray[addr_width - 1] = cnt[addr_width] ^ cnt[addr_width - 1];
gray[addr_width - 2] = cnt[addr_width - 1] ^ cnt[addr_width - 2];
gray[addr_width - 3] = cnt[addr_width - 2] ^ cnt[addr_width - 3];
gray[addr_width - 4] = cnt[addr_width - 3] ^ cnt[addr_width - 4];
gray[addr_width - 5] = cnt[addr_width - 4] ^ cnt[addr_width - 5];
gray[addr_width - 6] = cnt[addr_width - 5] ^ cnt[addr_width - 6];
gray[addr_width - 7] = cnt[addr_width - 6] ^ cnt[addr_width - 7];
gray[addr_width - 8] = cnt[addr_width - 7] ^ cnt[addr_width - 8];
gray[addr_width - 9] = cnt[addr_width - 8] ^ cnt[addr_width - 9];
end
endfunction
function[addr_width:0] gray1;
input clr;
input en;
reg[addr_width:0] cnt;
begin
cnt = clr? (en ? cnt : (cnt + 1)) : 0;
/*
if(clr)
begin
if(en)
cnt = cnt;
else
cnt = cnt + 1;
end
else
cnt = 0;
*/
gray1[addr_width] = 0 ^ cnt[addr_width];
gray1[addr_width - 1] = cnt[addr_width] ^ cnt[addr_width - 1];
gray1[addr_width - 2] = cnt[addr_width - 1] ^ cnt[addr_width - 2];
gray1[addr_width - 3] = cnt[addr_width - 2] ^ cnt[addr_width - 3];
gray1[addr_width - 4] = cnt[addr_width - 3] ^ cnt[addr_width - 4];
gray1[addr_width - 5] = cnt[addr_width - 4] ^ cnt[addr_width - 5];
gray1[addr_width - 6] = cnt[addr_width - 5] ^ cnt[addr_width - 6];
gray1[addr_width - 7] = cnt[addr_width - 6] ^ cnt[addr_width - 7];
gray1[addr_width - 8] = cnt[addr_width - 7] ^ cnt[addr_width - 8];
gray1[addr_width - 9] = cnt[addr_width - 8] ^ cnt[addr_width - 9];
end
endfunction
endmodule
我用synplify综合出来没有错，但报了很多警告，大致如下： 综合出来后的RTL图和TECHNOLOGY图只有一个触发器和一些buffer，我知道可能和我写代码有问题，但我实在找不出问题出在哪里，请高手指教。 对了，这段代码我在quartusii 上面能综合，只报一些警告；而在ise上就无法综合，说我的调用函数的描述不符合FF规则。
@N: CG364 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":1:7:1:10|Synthesizing module fifo
@N: CL134 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":21:1:21:6|Found RAM remb, depth=1024, width=8
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <9> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <8> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <7> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <6> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <5> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <4> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <3> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <2> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <1> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <9> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <8> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <7> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <6> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <5> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <4> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <3> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <2> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <1> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL189 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Register bit wt_p[0] is always 0, optimizing ...
@W: CL189 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Register bit rd_p[0] is always 0, optimizing ...
@W: CL169 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register wt_p[0]
@W: CL169 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register rd_p[0]
@W: CL190 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":76:1:76:6|Optimizing register bit empty to a constant 1
@W: CL190 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":65:1:65:6|Optimizing register bit full to a constant 0
@W: CL169 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":65:1:65:6|Pruning Register full
@W: CL169 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":76:1:76:6|Pruning Register empty
@W: CL169 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":21:1:21:6|Pruning Register remb[7:0]
@W: CL159 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":8:7:8:10|Input clka is unused
@W: CL159 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":8:21:8:25|Input rd_en is unused
@W: CL159 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":8:27:8:31|Input wt_en is unused
@W: CL159 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":8:17:8:19|Input clr is unused
@W: CL159 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":9:16:9:18|Input din is unused
@END
module fifo(clka,clkb,rd_en,wt_en,full,empty,clr,din,dout);
parameter width = 7,
addr_width = 9,
max_width = 1023,
gray_txt = 10'b1000000000;
input clka,clkb,clr,rd_en,wt_en;
input[width:0] din;
output[width:0] dout;
output full,empty;
reg[width:0] dout;
reg full,empty;
reg[width:0] remb[0:max_width];
reg[addr_width:0] rd_p,wt_p;
reg txta,txtb;
// write data
always @(posedge clka)
begin
if(full == 0 && wt_en)
remb[wt_p] <= din;
end
// read data
always @(posedge clkb)
begin
if(empty == 0 && rd_en)
dout <= remb[rd_p];
end
//write pointer
always @(posedge clka or negedge clr)
begin
wt_p <= gray(clr,(full || (wt_en == 0)));
end
//read pointer
always @(posedge clkb or negedge clr)
begin
rd_p <= gray1(clr,(empty || (rd_en == 0)));
end
//singal txta for write
always @(posedge clka or negedge clr)
begin
if(！clr)
txta <= 0;
else if(wt_p == gray_txt)
txta <= ~txta;
end
//singal txtb for read
always @(posedge clkb or negedge clr)
begin
if(！clr)
txtb <= 0;
else if(rd_p == gray_txt)
txtb <= ~txtb;
end
// full generate
always @(posedge clka or negedge clr)
begin
if(！clr)
full <= 0;
else if(txta == ~txtb && wt_p == rd_p)
full <= 1;
else
full <= 0;
end
// empty generate
always @(posedge clkb or negedge clr)
begin
if(！clr)
empty <= 1;
else if(txta == txtb && wt_p == rd_p)
empty <= 1;
else
empty <= 0;
end
//gray for address pointer
function[addr_width:0] gray;
input clr;
input en;
reg[addr_width:0] cnt;
begin
cnt = clr? (en ? cnt : (cnt + 1)) : 0;
/*
if(clr)
begin
if(en)
cnt = cnt;
else
cnt = cnt + 1;
end
else
cnt = 0;
*/
gray[addr_width] = 0 ^ cnt[addr_width];
gray[addr_width - 1] = cnt[addr_width] ^ cnt[addr_width - 1];
gray[addr_width - 2] = cnt[addr_width - 1] ^ cnt[addr_width - 2];
gray[addr_width - 3] = cnt[addr_width - 2] ^ cnt[addr_width - 3];
gray[addr_width - 4] = cnt[addr_width - 3] ^ cnt[addr_width - 4];
gray[addr_width - 5] = cnt[addr_width - 4] ^ cnt[addr_width - 5];
gray[addr_width - 6] = cnt[addr_width - 5] ^ cnt[addr_width - 6];
gray[addr_width - 7] = cnt[addr_width - 6] ^ cnt[addr_width - 7];
gray[addr_width - 8] = cnt[addr_width - 7] ^ cnt[addr_width - 8];
gray[addr_width - 9] = cnt[addr_width - 8] ^ cnt[addr_width - 9];
end
endfunction
function[addr_width:0] gray1;
input clr;
input en;
reg[addr_width:0] cnt;
begin
cnt = clr? (en ? cnt : (cnt + 1)) : 0;
/*
if(clr)
begin
if(en)
cnt = cnt;
else
cnt = cnt + 1;
end
else
cnt = 0;
*/
gray1[addr_width] = 0 ^ cnt[addr_width];
gray1[addr_width - 1] = cnt[addr_width] ^ cnt[addr_width - 1];
gray1[addr_width - 2] = cnt[addr_width - 1] ^ cnt[addr_width - 2];
gray1[addr_width - 3] = cnt[addr_width - 2] ^ cnt[addr_width - 3];
gray1[addr_width - 4] = cnt[addr_width - 3] ^ cnt[addr_width - 4];
gray1[addr_width - 5] = cnt[addr_width - 4] ^ cnt[addr_width - 5];
gray1[addr_width - 6] = cnt[addr_width - 5] ^ cnt[addr_width - 6];
gray1[addr_width - 7] = cnt[addr_width - 6] ^ cnt[addr_width - 7];
gray1[addr_width - 8] = cnt[addr_width - 7] ^ cnt[addr_width - 8];
gray1[addr_width - 9] = cnt[addr_width - 8] ^ cnt[addr_width - 9];
end
endfunction
endmodule
我用synplify综合出来没有错，但报了很多警告，大致如下： 综合出来后的RTL图和TECHNOLOGY图只有一个触发器和一些buffer，我知道可能和我写代码有问题，但我实在找不出问题出在哪里，请高手指教。 对了，这段代码我在quartusii 上面能综合，只报一些警告；而在ise上就无法综合，说我的调用函数的描述不符合FF规则。
@N: CG364 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":1:7:1:10|Synthesizing module fifo
@N: CL134 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":21:1:21:6|Found RAM remb, depth=1024, width=8
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <9> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <8> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <7> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <6> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <5> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <4> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <3> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <2> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register bit <1> of rd_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <9> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <8> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <7> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <6> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <5> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <4> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <3> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <2> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL171 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register bit <1> of wt_p[9:0]
@W: CL189 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Register bit wt_p[0] is always 0, optimizing ...
@W: CL189 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Register bit rd_p[0] is always 0, optimizing ...
@W: CL169 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":35:1:35:6|Pruning Register wt_p[0]
@W: CL169 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":41:1:41:6|Pruning Register rd_p[0]
@W: CL190 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":76:1:76:6|Optimizing register bit empty to a constant 1
@W: CL190 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":65:1:65:6|Optimizing register bit full to a constant 0
@W: CL169 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":65:1:65:6|Pruning Register full
@W: CL169 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":76:1:76:6|Pruning Register empty
@W: CL169 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":21:1:21:6|Pruning Register remb[7:0]
@W: CL159 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":8:7:8:10|Input clka is unused
@W: CL159 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":8:21:8:25|Input rd_en is unused
@W: CL159 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":8:27:8:31|Input wt_en is unused
@W: CL159 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":8:17:8:19|Input clr is unused
@W: CL159 :"E:\sim_test\synplify\fifo\fifo.v":9:16:9:18|Input din is unused
@END
如果是初学者，建议：
1. 把这里面的参数都去掉吧，就老老实实的写一个16深度，16宽度的异步FIFO。从简单的开始写，功能正确了再写复杂的。
2. 写完了之后做个功能仿真，直接 syncplify或者quartus，甚至ISE综合没有任何意义。错误和警告都没有意义，一个没有经过功能验证的东西，哪怕综合没有错误和警告，也不能在FPGA上应用。
3. if(empty == 0 && rd_en)：这句话麻烦把优先级用括号表示清楚，比如：if((empty == 0) && rd_en)，因为初学者十有八九会被运算优先级搞晕了脑子，那还不如别偷懒，乖乖的用括号。
4. 不要用function表示，老老实实的用代码一个个的写出来。千万别想一步登天，简简单单慢慢搞，从你写的function来看，你连combinational loop都写出来了，甚至，也许你还不清楚什么叫combinational loop。多多理解时序的概念，而很多的task和function会让你对时序晕头转向。
祝你进步。
your code should work
谢谢 收益匪浅