Tuning Rnage of Ring oscillator

Hi all,

In some literatures the tuning range is specified as "two to one" or "three to one". What does this mean. Please help me in this.

Prakash.

Which literature are you referring to, can you provide details ?

Regards

Thanks for the reply, I am refering to the "Design of Analog CMOS integrated circuits" by Razavi, Chapter 14 Oscillators.

If you see in page Number 520 (Also in Page 514), under the wide tuning range section, he says that the present configuration doesnt provide more than 3 to 1 tuning range. I am not able to understand this sentence.

Prakash.

Added after 7 minutes:

I have attched the images of the sentences for your refernce.

Prakash.

Somebody please help me to clear this doubt.

Prakash.