calculate miniaturization in percentage

i read several research papers and there is mentioned miniaturization in percentage form. how did they calculate the miniaturization percentage?

Hi,

We can't see what you have read. --> So you should give us the information.

We can not know if they are talking about length, area, volume...or any other units.

Klaus

if one antenna with dimension 30x20mm is resonating before inserting slot at 4 GHZ and after slot the antenna resonating frequency reduces to 2.8 GHz . how we will determine the miniaturization ratio of it?or how much the antenna is miniaturized.