P.A.T.C.H antenna design

Alright people, I have asked questions about P.A.T.C.H antenna desig before and gotten answers. This one is really urgent so please respond as soon as you can.

The questions is I am looking for the effect of finite conductivity of copper on the design of a rectangular P.A.T.C.H antenna. So if anyone can guide me to those specific eqations that will be great help. I have already looked at a lot of references but they havent been of much help.

Although some references talk about the losses in copper and its effect on the design of patch antenna, the effect of finite conductivity of copper on phase constant is not discussed anywhere. If anyone knows this please let me know.

thanks
Abhsihek

You might need to simulate it with lossy conductor. You can also measure the antenna efficiency. There is a method to do so for small antenna. Keep in mind that there are 3 losses in patach antenna, conductor loss and dielectri loss and surface wave loss. If you need to know the efficiency, you need to know all of losses.

Do you know of any references for the smart antenna calculations. Referecnes specifically for the P.A.T.C.H antenna will be great.

Do u mean smart antenna algorithm?

The algorithm for smart antenna should also be fine. But i would be truely greatful if you could send me a good reference for the aforementioned problem.

thanks
abhishek