asking about Meandering patch in antenna microstrip

Dear all,
My name evyta, and I'm beginner making antenna
I making antenna for my Year Assignment in my college.
And there's something that i wanna ask you

Will you explain about the Meandering technique in patch?
I can't found the basic explanation of it.
well, meandering is very new for me. And now i try to get some information about it read some article and try asking to the Expert.


And how about the Bandwidth? Is it become less than conventional Patch?
How about adding slits to the antenna?
is that same as Meandering technique [on antenna E-shaped] ?
which one is the best?


Hope you want to spend your time helping me
Thank you for your attention :)
I'll be waiting for your Reply...
Best regards

here i try to attach the paper that reference on my project.
whether this antenna (antenna E-shaped) use meandering technique?
or it just adding slits to the patch?
and what is the different between adding slit to the patch and technique meandering.
because both of it looks similiar.
Please somebody help me to explain this.
Thank you...
Best regards
:)