电子术语中英文对照

共享资源访问的机制。大部分进程间通讯的建立的基石是信号灯和互斥。

K

　　Kernel（内核）

　　An essential part of any multitasking operating system, the kernel contains just the scheduler and context-switch routine.

任何多任务操作系统的本质部分，内核仅仅包含调度程序和上下文切换进程。

L

　　Linker（连接程序）

　　 A software development tool that accepts one or more object files as input and outputs a relocatable program. The linker is thus run after all of the source files have been compiled or assembled.

一种能把一个或更多目标文件组合成可输入和输出的可重定位程序的开发工具。连接程　　序在所有的源文件都被编译或汇编之后运行。

　　Locator（定位程序）

　　 A software development tool that assigns physical addresses to the elocatab 　le program produced by the linker. This is the last step in the preparation of software for execution by an embedded system and the resulting file is called an executable. In some cases, the locator"s function may be hidden with in the linker.

一种分配物理地址给连接程序处理过的可重定位程序的软件开发工具。这是准备一个软件在嵌入式系统中运行的最后一步，并且结果文件叫做可执行的。在一些情况下，定位程序功能隐藏在连接程序中。

　　logic analyzer（逻辑分析仪）

A hardware debugging tool that can be used to capture the logic levels (0 or 1) of dozens, or even hundreds, of electrical signals in real- time. Logic analyzers can be quite helpful for debugging hardware problems and complex processor-peripheral interactions.

一种硬件调试工具，能捕获实时电信号的许多逻辑电平（0或1），逻辑分析仪在调试硬件问题和复杂的处理外设交互时相当有用。

M

　　memory map（内存映射）

　　 A table or diagram containing the name and address range of each peripheral addressable by the processor within the memory space. Memory maps are a helpful aid in getting to know the target.

一个在内存空间中的，包含每个外设的名字和可由处理器设置的地址范围的表格或图表。内存映射有助于了解目标机情况。

　　memory-mapped I/O（内存映射I/O）

　　 An increasingly common hardware design methodology in which I/O devices are placed into the memory space rather than the I/O space. From the processor"s point of view, memory-mapped I/O devices look very much like memory devices.

一种日益流行的硬件设计方法，在这种方法中，I/O设备被放置在内存空间而不是I/O空间。从处理器的观点看，内存映射I/O设备看上去很象内存一样。

　　memory space（内存空间）

A processor"s standard address space. Contrast with I/O space.

一个处理器的标准地址空间。相对I/O空间。

　　Microcontroller（微控制器）

　　 A microcontroller is very similar to a microprocessor. The main difference is that a microcontroller is designed specifically for use in embedded systems Microcontrollers typically include a CPU, memory (a small amount of RAM and/or ROM), and other peripherals on the same chip. Common examples are the 8051, Intel"s 80196, and Motorola"s 68HCxx series.

微控制器很像微处理器。主要的差别在于微控制器被特殊设计用在嵌入式系统中。微控制器典型地包括CPU、内存（很小的RAM或ROM），还有其他的外设，它们在同一块芯片上。常见的例子是：8051、Intel80196、Motorola68HCxx系列。

　　Microprocessor（微处理器）

　　 A piece of silicon containing a general- purpose CPU. The most common examples are Intel"s 80x86 and Motorola"s 680x0 families.

一片包含通用CPU的硅片。常见的例子是：Intel80x86、Motorola 680x0系列。

　　Monitor（监视器）

　　 In the context of this book, a debug monitor. However, there is a second meaning for this word that is associated with intertask communication. In that context, a monitor is a language-level synchronization feature.

在这本书的上下文中，是指调试监视器。然而，第二个意思与任务间通讯相关联。在那个上下文中，监视器是高级同步机制的特性。

　　Multiprocessing（多处理）

The use of more than one pro