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Will a circularly polarized target reverse the CP sense?

时间:04-07 整理:3721RD 点击:
Known to all that reflections from targets like flat surface or sphere will reverse the sense of circular polarization. Thus the RX antenna should be of the opposite circular polarization compared with the TX antenna in a bistatic radar system. My question is if the target is not as simple as flat surface or sphere but an circularly polarized antenna, then does the statement above still hold? To be more specific, suppose the target is a RHCP antenna, the TX antenna should be RHCP to guarantee the optimum power transfer between the TX antenna and the target. Then which circular polarization of the RX antenna can provide the maximum power transfer between the RX antenna and the target, LHCP or RHCP? The answer lies at whether the circularly polarized target will reverse the sense of circular polarization?

I do not see too deep into this problem but a CP is a combination of two planar waves. If their phase shift is 90 degrees and both have equal amplitude, the resulting wave is CP, and the handedness depends upon mutual phase shift. From this I can assume that any target splits the combined CP into copol and orthopol waves, and their ratio can be affected by "making the target" LHCP or RHCP. In any case I do not think the result will be a "perfect" reverse; the copol/orthopol ratio will change.

One case i know is that, a close ring antenna will result in reverse CP, but a ring with two slots will result in the same CP sense as the Tx CP. You can refer to Kai Chang's lab research in TAMU. He has students working on this.

From what I know the aircraft radars use the same antennas for receive and transmit in order to receive corner reflections, which actually doesn't change the polarization.

Break it down like this, and you'll realize that you've answered you own question.
Site A (transmit antenna, RHCP)
Site B/Target (receiving antenna, RHCP... guarantees maximum power transfer from site A to site B)

If a signal now leaves Site B (target) with RHCP, then to best receive the signal at Site A, the receiving antenna must also be RHCP. Thus, the RX antenna at site A will also need to be RHCP. It's a reciprocal system, regardless of which antenna is being used... RX or TX. RHCP transmit antenna needs an RHCP receive antenna, in either direction.

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