active and passive microstrip

hi all
what is meant by active and passive microstrip patch antenna
any reference paper?

regards
kartik

hi
active antennas consist of active components.for example in phased array antennas there exist many actice components that for example can control the phase of each array.so the antenna is active.but in passive microstrip antenna there is not any active component.for example patch antenna

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Radar Basics - Feeding Systems of Phased Array Antenna

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see the above link please

Additional to previous post

Useful material :

Patch antenna - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Microstrip antenna - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

hi
thanks for the papers and tutorial
can you send me some good tutorial on antenna design by cst microwave studio
regards
kartik

Antenna Design, 3D Electromagnetic Antenna Simulation Software


http://www.cst-korea.co.kr/Applicati...d8a51fd31e1ac6


See example in attachment.