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Inductor simulation in HFSS--low frequency

时间:03-30 整理:3721RD 点击:
Hello everyone, I am a freshman to HFSS and looking for some help on the simulation on a simple spiral inductor. I want to see how the inductor behaves around 100 MHz.

In fact, my inductor is very similar to the one shown in the tutorial example, which you can find here: http://www0.egr.uh.edu/courses/ECE/E...20inductor.pdf

To make things easier, I followed every step in the tutorial and simulated the same inductor and got the same result of inductance like this:

闂傚倸鍊搁崐鎼佸磹閹间礁纾归柟闂寸绾惧綊鏌熼梻瀵割槮缁炬儳缍婇弻鐔兼⒒鐎靛壊妲紒鐐劤缂嶅﹪寮婚悢鍏尖拻閻庨潧澹婂Σ顔剧磼閻愵剙鍔ょ紓宥咃躬瀵鎮㈤崗灏栨嫽闁诲酣娼ф竟濠偽i鍓х<闁诡垎鍐f寖闂佺娅曢幑鍥灳閺冨牆绀冩い蹇庣娴滈箖鏌ㄥ┑鍡欏嚬缂併劌銈搁弻鐔兼儌閸濄儳袦闂佸搫鐭夌紞渚€銆佸鈧幃娆撳箹椤撶噥妫ч梻鍌欑窔濞佳兾涘▎鎴炴殰闁圭儤顨愮紞鏍ㄧ節闂堟侗鍎愰柡鍛叀閺屾稑鈽夐崡鐐差潻濡炪們鍎查懝楣冨煘閹寸偛绠犻梺绋匡攻椤ㄥ棝骞堥妸鈺傚€婚柦妯侯槺閿涙稑鈹戦悙鏉戠亶闁瑰磭鍋ゅ畷鍫曨敆娴i晲缂撶紓鍌欑椤戝懘鎮樺┑瀣€垫い鎾跺枍缁诲棝鏌曢崼婵堢闁告帊鍗抽弻娑㈡偆娴i晲绨界紓渚囧枦椤曆囧煡婢跺á鐔荤疀閹惧墎楔闂佽桨鐒﹂崝娆忕暦閵娾晩鏁婇悹渚厛閺€銊х磽閸屾艾鈧绮堟笟鈧、鏍礋椤栨稑娈戦梺鍛婃尫閻掞箓锝為弴銏$厵闁硅鍔﹂崵娆戠棯閹冩倯闁逛究鍔岄~婊堝幢濡も偓楠炲姊虹粙娆惧剱闁圭懓娲獮鍐ㄢ堪閸喎娈熼梺闈涱槶閸庮噣宕戦幘璇查敜婵°倓鑳堕崣鍡涙⒑閸濆嫭澶勬慨妯稿姂瀹曟繂顓兼径瀣幍闂佸憡鍔樼亸娆撴倿閸涘﹥鍙忓┑鐘插鐢盯鏌熷畡鐗堝殗鐎规洏鍔嶇换婵嬪磼濞戞瑧鏆梻鍌氬€峰ù鍥х暦閻㈢ǹ绐楅柛鈩冪☉绾惧潡鏌熼幆鐗堫棄缂佺姵鐓¢弻鏇$疀閺囩儐鈧本绻涚粭鍝勫闁哄苯绉烽¨渚€鏌涢幘瀵告噰妞ゃ垺宀搁弫鎰板幢濞嗘垹妲囨繝娈垮枟閿曗晠宕㈤崗鑲╊洸婵犲﹤鎳愮壕濂告煟閹伴潧澧い搴㈢矊椤啰鈧稒蓱閸婃劗鈧鍠楅悡锟犮€佸Δ鍛妞ゆ垼濮ょ€氬ジ姊绘担鍛婅础閺嬵亝绻涢幘顕呮缂侇喖顭烽獮妯尖偓闈涙憸椤旀洟鏌i悩鍙夊巶闁告侗鍘奸悡鍌炴⒑鏉炴壆顦﹂柣妤€锕ョ粚杈ㄧ節閸ヮ灛褔鏌涘☉鍗炴灈婵炲懌鍊濆铏圭矙濞嗘儳鍓梺鍛婃尰缁诲嫰骞戦姀鐘斀闁搞儮鏅濋惁鍫ユ⒑缁嬫寧婀扮紒瀣灥閳诲秹鏁愰崪浣瑰瘜闂侀潧鐗嗙换鎺楀礆娴煎瓨鐓忛柛顐ゅ枑閸婃劖顨ラ悙鎻掓殲缂佸倹甯為埀顒婄到閻忔岸寮查鈧埞鎴︽倷閺夋垹浠搁柦鍐憾閹綊宕堕埡浣锋濠殿喖锕ㄥ▍锝夊箯閻樿鐏抽柧蹇e亞娴滃爼姊绘担钘夊惞闁革綇闄勬穱濠囧炊椤掆偓缁犳煡鏌曡箛鏇炐涢柡鈧禒瀣€甸柨婵嗙凹缁ㄤ粙鏌涙繝鍕槐婵﹥妞藉Λ鍐归妶鍡欐创鐎规洘锕㈡俊鎼佸Ψ椤旇棄鏋犳繝鐢靛Х閺佸憡鎱ㄩ悜钘夋瀬闁告稑锕ラ崣蹇涙煟閹达絾顥夐柡瀣╃窔閺岀喖姊荤€靛壊妲紒鐐礃椤濡甸崟顖氬唨妞ゆ劦婢€缁爼姊虹紒妯虹瑨闁诲繑宀告俊鐢稿礋椤栨氨顔婇梺鐟扮摠缁诲秵绂掗懖鈺冪<闁绘劦鍓欓崝銈嗐亜椤撶姴鍘寸€殿喖顭烽幃銏ゆ偂鎼达綆妲堕柣鐔哥矊缁绘帡寮灏栨闁靛骏绱曢崢浠嬫⒑鐟欏嫬鍔ゆい鏇ㄥ幖鐓ら柟缁㈠枟閻撴瑦銇勯弮鍌滄憘婵炲牊绮撻弻鈩冩媴閻熸澘顫嶉梺璇″灡濡啴宕规ィ鍐╁殤妞ゆ帊鐒﹀▍锕€鈹戦悩鍨毄濠殿噮鍙冮獮蹇涘礃椤旇偐顦ㄥ銈呯箰閸熺増銇欓幎鑺モ拻濞撴埃鍋撻柍褜鍓氱粙鎾诲煘閹烘鐓曢柡鍌濇硶鑲栭梺鐟扮畭閸ㄥ綊鍩為幋鐘亾閿濆簼绨荤紒鎰☉椤啴濡堕崱妯碱槬闂佺懓鍟跨粔鐟扮暦椤愨懡鏃堝川椤旇瀚藉┑鐐舵彧缁蹭粙骞夐敍鍕闁跨喓濮甸悡娆撴煣韫囷絽浜濋悘蹇曟暬閺屽秷顧侀柛鎾磋壘椤繈濡搁敂鑺ョ彿濠德板€撻懗鍫曞煘瀹ュ應鏀介柣妯哄级閹兼劗绱掗悩鍨殌闂囧鏌ㄥ┑鍡欏闁逞屽厸缁瑦淇婇幖浣哥厸闁稿本绮屽鎶芥⒒娴e憡鎯堥柛鐔哄█瀹曟垿骞樼紒妯煎幈闁硅壈鎻槐鏇㈡晬瀹ュ洨纾奸弶鍫氭櫅娴犺鲸顨ラ悙鏉戠瑨閾绘牕霉閿濆懎绾ч悗姘矙濮婄粯鎷呴崨闈涚秺瀵敻顢楅崟顒€浠梺闈浥堥弲娑氱矆閸屾壕鍋撻崗澶婁壕闂佸憡娲﹂崜娑㈠储閻㈠憡鈷戦柟顖嗗嫮顩伴梺绋款儏閹冲酣鎮惧畡鎵殕闁逞屽墴閸┾偓妞ゆ帒鍠氬ḿ鎰箾閸欏鐭掔€殿噮鍋嗛幏鐘差啅椤斿吋顓垮┑鐐差嚟婵挳顢栭幇鏉挎瀬闁搞儺鍓氶悡鐔兼煙闁箑寮鹃柛鐔风箻閺屾盯鎮欓崹顐f瘓濠殿喖锕︾划顖炲箯閸涘瓨鍤嶉柕澹讲鍋撴繝鍥ㄢ拺闂傚牃鏅濈粔鍓佺磼閻樿櫕宕岄柣娑卞枦缁犳稑鈽夊▎鎰仧闂備浇娉曢崳锕傚箯閿燂拷...



Everything looks right but, if you look carefully, at the low frequency end, the inductance begins to increase. This also occurs in my own inductor simulation. According to the theory, when frequency is approaching to zero, the inductance should approach its DC value. Not sure why here it starts to increase.

I tried with different mesh numbers but it doesn't make any difference.

I tried to increase the boundary dimension--a lot of people here mentioned that the dimension should be wavelength/4. But at 100 MHz, the wavelength is a few meters while the inductor is a few microns. I tried setting the boundary to be 1 m^3 but the simulation never ends....takes too long.

So, anyone have any idea why the inductance increase at low frequency or what should I do to make it right?

Thanks a lot!

Not sure if this is the reason in your data, but we often see a low frequency effect in simulated and measured inductance. It is related to skin effect, where the extra inductance from skin effect decreases (!) with frequency. Sounds counter-intuitive, but the XL from skin effect is ~ sqrt(f) instead of ~f, so the extra inductance from skin effect decreases with frequency.

Thanks for your reply but at low frequency, the skin depth is much larger than the inductor thickness and the skin effect should be negligible right?
Here I have attached a zoomed-in inductance curve from the simulation.

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