Distance optronic sensor GP2D12

Good day! I am using this sensor with a PIC microcontroller and it seems it would work fine, but I would like to know what happens when the distance falls less than "10cm", which is the minimum for the sensor and even if its "0cm"?

This sensor is easy to work with and it does not require much suplementary circuits unlike other optronic sensors which need 2 wavelengths.

Can anyone suggest to me a sensor which will work from "0cm" to "5m" about, and answer my question?

The question is clearly answered in the datasheet. The characteristic becomes unequivocal for distances below 10 cm.

You can hardly achieve 0 to 5m range with the simple measurement principle. Laser time-of-flight or phase difference is more promising.