单片机应用实例:LED显示电脑电子钟
上图中,年、月、日及时间选用的是1.2寸共阳数码管,星期选用的是2.3寸数码管,温度选用的是0.5寸数码管,也可根据个人的爱好选用不同规格的数码管。原理图如下图所示:
上图中,CPU选用的是AT89C2051,时钟芯片选用的是Dallas公司的DS1302,温度传感器选用的是Dallas公司的数字温度传感器DS1820,显示驱动芯片选用的是德州仪器公司的TPIC6B595,也可选用与其兼容的芯片NC595或国产的AMT9595。整个电子钟用两个键来调节时间和日期。一个是位选键,一个是数字调节键。按一下位选键,头两位数字开始闪动,进入设定调节状态,此时按数字调节键,当前闪动位的数字就可改变。全部参数调节完后,五秒钟内没有任何键按下,则数字停止闪动,退出设定调节状态。
源程序清单如下(无温度显示程序):
start:do;
$include(reg51.dcl)
declare (sclk,io,rst) bit at (0b3h) register; /* p33,p34,p35 */
declare (command,data,n,temp1,num) byte;
declare a(9) byte;
declare ab(6) byte;
declare aco(11) byte constant (0fdh,60h,0dah,0f2h,66h,0b6h,0beh,
0e0h,0feh,0f6h,00h);
declare week(11) byte constant (0edh,028h,0dch,7ch,39h,75h,0f5h,
2ch,0fdh,7dh,00h);
declare da literally 'p15',clk literally 'p16',ale literally 'p17',
mk literally 'p11',sk literally 'p12';
clear:procedure;
sclk=0;io=0;rst=0;
end clear;
send1302:procedure(comm);
declare (i,comm) byte;
do i=0 to 7;
comm=scr(comm,1);
io=cy;
call time(1);
sclk=0;
call time(1);
sclk=1;
end;
end send1302;
wbyt1:procedure(com,dat);/*字节写过程*/
declare (com,dat) byte;
call clear;
rst=1;
call send1302(com);
call send1302(dat);
call clear;
end wbyt1;
wbyt8:procedure;/*时钟多字节突发模式写过程*/
declare j byte;
call clear;
a(7)=A(6);a(6)=a(0);
rst=1;
call send1302(command);
do j=1 to 8;
call send1302(a(j));
end;
call clear;
end wbyt8;
RBYT1:PROCEDURE;
DECLARE I BYTE;
CALL CLEAR;
RST=1;
call send1302(0c1h);
IO=1;
DO I=0 TO 7;
SCLK=1;
SCLK=0;
CY=IO;
N=SCR(N,1);
END;
A(8)=N;
CALL CLEAR;
END RBYT1;
send595:procedure;
declare k byte;
do k=0 to 7;
data=scr(data,1);
da=cy;
clk=1;
clk=0;
end;
end send595;
send595_1:procedure;
declare k byte;
do k=0 to 7;
data=scr(data,1);
da1=cy;
clk1=1;
clk1=0;
end;
end send595_1;
rb1:procedure(abc,j);
DECLARE (I,j,abc) BYTE;
CALL CLEAR;
RST=1;
call send1302(abc);
IO=1;
DO I=0 TO 7;
SCLK=1;
SCLK=0;
CY=IO;
N=SCR(N,1);
END;
ab(j)=N;
ab(j)=dec(ab(j));
CALL CLEAR;
end rb1;
rbyt6:procedure;
call rb1(0f1h,0);
call rb1(0f3h,1);
call rb1(0f5h,2);
call rb1(0f7h,3);
call rb1(0f9h,4);
call rb1(0fbh,5);
call rb1(0fdh,6);
end rbyt6;
wbyt6:procedure;
call wbyt1(8eh,0); /* write enable */
call wbyt1(0f0h,ab(0));
call wbyt1(0f2h,ab(1));
call wbyt1(0f4h,ab(2));
call wbyt1(0f6h,ab(3));
call wbyt1(0f8h,ab(4));
call wbyt1(0fah,ab(5));
call wbyt1(0fch,ab(6));
call wbyt1(8eh,80h); /* write disable */
end wbyt6;
rbyt8:procedure;/*时钟多字节突发模式读过程*/
declare (i,j) byte;
call clear;
rst=1;
call send1302(command);
io=1;
do j=1 to 8;
do i=0 to 7;
sclk=1;
call time(1);
sclk=0;
cy=io;
n=scr(n,1);
end;
a(j)=n;
end;
call clear;
a(0)=a(6);a(6)=A(7);
a(0)=a(0) and 0fh;
if a(0)>6 then a(0)=0;
CALL RBYT1;
if (a(1)=0 and a(2)=0 and a(3)=0) then
do;
do num=0 to 35;
call time(250);
end;
temp1=1;
end;
if temp1=1 then
do;
temp1=0;
ab(4)=ab(4)+1;
if ab(4)>99h then
do;
ab(4)=0;
ab(5)=ab(5)+1;
if ab(5)>99h then ab(5)=0;
end;
call wbyt6;
end;
end rbyt8;
display:procedure; /*jieya,yima,fasong*/
declare (i,n,m) byte;
n=a(0) and 0fh; /* send week */
data=week(n);
call send595;
n=a(4); /* send date */
n=n and 0fh;
data=aco(n);
call send595;
n=a(4);
n=shr(n,4);
data=aco(n);
call send595;
do i=1 to 3; /* send second,minu
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