linux设备模型之uart驱动架构分析

样做是为了在用户空间对设备文件的操作时，很容易转到对应的uart_driver.

另外：tty_driver的flags成员值为： TTY_DRIVER_REAL_RAW | TTY_DRIVER_DYNAMIC_DEV.里面包含有TTY_DRIVER_DYNAMIC_DEV标志。结合之前对tty的分析。如果包含有这个标志，是不会在初始化的时候去注册device.也就是说在/dev/下没有动态生成结点(如果是/dev下静态创建了这个结点就另当别论了^_^)。

流程图如下：

五： uart_add_one_port()操作

在前面提到。在对uart设备文件过程中。会将操作转换到对应的port上，这个port跟uart_driver是怎么关联起来的呢?这就是uart_add_ont_port()的主要工作了。

顾名思义，这个函数是在uart_driver增加一个port.代码如下：

int uart_add_one_port(struct uart_driver *drv, struct uart_port *port)

{

struct uart_state *state;

int ret = 0;

struct device *tty_dev;

BUG_ON(in_interrupt());

if (port->line >= drv->nr)

return -EINVAL;

state = drv->state + port->line;

mutex_lock(port_mutex);

mutex_lock(state->mutex);

if (state->port) {

ret = -EINVAL;

goto out;

}

state->port = port;

state->pm_state = -1;

port->cons = drv->cons;

port->info = state->info;

/*

* If this port is a console, then the spinlock is already

* initialised.

*/

if (!(uart_console(port) (port->cons->flags CON_ENABLED))) {

spin_lock_init(port->lock);

lockdep_set_class(port->lock, port_lock_key);

}

uart_configure_port(drv, state, port);

/*

* Register the port whether it's detected or not. This allows

* setserial to be used to alter this ports parameters.

*/

tty_dev = tty_register_device(drv->tty_driver, port->line, port->dev);

if (likely(!IS_ERR(tty_dev))) {

device_can_wakeup(tty_dev) = 1;

device_set_wakeup_enable(tty_dev, 0);

} else

printk(KERN_ERR Cannot register tty device on line %d\n,

port->line);

/*

* Ensure UPF_DEAD is not set.

*/

port->flags = ~UPF_DEAD;

out:

mutex_unlock(state->mutex);

mutex_unlock(port_mutex);

return ret;

}

首先这个函数不能在中断环境中使用。 Uart_port->line就是对uart设备文件序号。它对应的也就是uart_driver->state数组中的uart_port->line项。

它主要初始化对应uart_driver->state项。接着调用uart_configure_port()进行port的自动配置。然后注册tty_device.如果用户空间运行了udev或者已经配置好了hotplug.就会在/dev下自动生成设备文件了。

操作流程图如下所示：

六：设备节点的open操作

在用户空间执行open操作的时候，就会执行uart_ops->open. Uart_ops的定义如下：

static const struct tty_operations uart_ops = {

.open = uart_open,

.close = uart_close,

.write = uart_write,

.put_char = uart_put_char,

.flush_chars = uart_flush_chars,

.write_room = uart_write_room,

.chars_in_buffer= uart_chars_in_buffer,

.flush_buffer = uart_flush_buffer,

.ioctl = uart_ioctl,

.throttle = uart_throttle,

.unthrottle = uart_unthrottle,

.send_xchar = uart_send_xchar,

.set_termios = uart_set_termios,

.stop = uart_stop,

.start = uart_start,

.hangup = uart_hangup,

.break_ctl = uart_break_ctl,

.wait_until_sent= uart_wait_until_sent,

#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS

.read_proc = uart_read_proc,

#endif

.tiocmget = uart_tiocmget,

.tiocmset = uart_tiocmset,

};

对应open的操作接口为uart_open.代码如下：

static int uart_open(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file *filp)

{

struct uart_driver *drv = (struct uart_driver *)tty->driver->driver_state;

struct uart_state *state;

int retval, line = tty->index;

BUG_ON(!kernel_locked());

pr_debug(uart_open(%d) called\n, line);

/*

* tty->driver->num won't change, so we won't fail here with

* tty->driver_data set to something non-NULL (and therefore

* we won't get caught by uart_close())。

*/

retval = -ENODEV;

if (line >= tty->driver->num)

goto fail;

/*

* We take the semaphore inside uart_get to guarantee that we won't

* be re-entered while allocating the info structure, or while we

* request any