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NAND FLASH ECC校验原理与实现

时间:11-11 来源:互联网 点击:

// Creates non-inverted ECC code from line parity
  static void nand_trans_result(u_char reg2, u_char reg3,u_char *ecc_code)
  {
    u_char a, b, i, tmp1, tmp2;

  /* Initialize variables */
    a = b = 0x80;
    tmp1 = tmp2 = 0;

  /* Calculate first ECC byte */
    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
    {
      if (reg3 & a)    /* LP15,13,11,9 --> ecc_code[0] */
        tmp1 |= b;
      b >>= 1;
      if (reg2 & a)    /* LP14,12,10,8 --> ecc_code[0] */
        tmp1 |= b;
      b >>= 1;
      a >>= 1;
    }

  /* Calculate second ECC byte */
    b = 0x80;
    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
    {
      if (reg3 & a)    /* LP7,5,3,1 --> ecc_code[1] */
        tmp2 |= b;
      b >>= 1;
      if (reg2 & a)    /* LP6,4,2,0 --> ecc_code[1] */
        tmp2 |= b;
      b >>= 1;
      a >>= 1;
    }

  /* Store two of the ECC bytes */
    ecc_code[0] = tmp1;
    ecc_code[1] = tmp2;
  }

// Calculate 3 byte ECC code for 256 byte block
  void nand_calculate_ecc (const u_char *dat, u_char *ecc_code)
  {
    u_char idx, reg1, reg2, reg3;
    int j;

  /* Initialize variables */
    reg1 = reg2 = reg3 = 0;
    ecc_code[0] = ecc_code[1] = ecc_code[2] = 0;

  /* Build up column parity */
    for(j = 0; j < 256; j++)
    {

    /* Get CP0 - CP5 from table */
      idx = nand_ecc_precalc_table[dat[j]];
      reg1 ^= (idx & 0x3f);

    /* All bit XOR = 1 ? */
      if (idx & 0x40) {
        reg3 ^= (u_char) j;
        reg2 ^= ~((u_char) j);
      }
    }

  /* Create non-inverted ECC code from line parity */
    nand_trans_result(reg2, reg3, ecc_code);

  /* Calculate final ECC code */
    ecc_code[0] = ~ecc_code[0];
    ecc_code[1] = ~ecc_code[1];
    ecc_code[2] = ((~reg1) < 2) | 0x03;
  }

// Detect and correct a 1 bit error for 256 byte block
  int nand_correct_data (u_char *dat, u_char *read_ecc, u_char *calc_ecc)
  {
    u_char a, b, c, d1, d2, d3, add, bit, i;

  /* Do error detection */
    d1 = calc_ecc[0] ^ read_ecc[0];
    d2 = calc_ecc[1] ^ read_ecc[1];
    d3 = calc_ecc[2] ^ read_ecc[2];

  if ((d1 | d2 | d3) == 0)
    {
      /* No errors */
      return 0;
    }
    else
    {
      a = (d1 ^ (d1 >> 1)) & 0x55;
      b = (d2 ^ (d2 >> 1)) & 0x55;
      c = (d3 ^ (d3 >> 1)) & 0x54;

    /* Found and will correct single bit error in the data */
      if ((a == 0x55) && (b == 0x55) && (c == 0x54))
      {
        c = 0x80;
        add = 0;
        a = 0x80;
        for (i=0; i<4; i++)
        {
          if (d1 & c)
            add |= a;
          c >>= 2;
          a >>= 1;
        }
        c = 0x80;
        for (i=0; i<4; i++)
        {
          if (d2 & c)
            add |= a;
          c >>= 2;
          a >>= 1;
        }
        bit = 0;
        b = 0x04;
        c = 0x80;
        for (i=0; i<3; i++)
        {
          if (d3 & c)
            bit |= b;
          c >>= 2;
          b >>= 1;
        }
        b = 0x01;
        a = dat[add];
        a ^= (b < bit);
        dat[add] = a;
        return 1;
      }
      else
      {
        i = 0;
        while (d1)
        {
          if (d1 & 0x01)
            ++i;
          d1 >>= 1;
        }
        while (d2)
        {
          if (d2 & 0x01)
            ++i;
          d2 >>= 1;
        }
        while (d3)
        {
          if (d3 & 0x01)
            ++i;
          d3 >>= 1;
        }
        if (i == 1)
        {
          /* ECC Code Error Correction */
          read_ecc[0] = calc_ecc[0];
          read_ecc[1] = calc_ecc[1];
          read_ecc[2] = calc_ecc[2];
          return 2;
        }
        else
        {
          /* Uncorrectable Error */
          return -1;
        }
      }
    }

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