写给新手一个基于C51的PID控制程序。。。
时间:10-02
整理:3721RD
点击:
- #include<reg51.h>
- #include<intrins.h>
- #include<math.h>
- #include<string.h>
- struct PID {
- unsigned int SetPoint; // 设定目标 Desired Value
- unsigned int Proportion; // 比例常数 Proportional Const
- unsigned int Integral; // 积分常数 Integral Const
- unsigned int Derivative; // 微分常数 Derivative Const
- unsigned int LastError; // Error[-1]
- unsigned int PrevError; // Error[-2]
- unsigned int SumError; // Sums of Errors
- };
- struct PID spid; // PID Control Structure
- unsigned int rout; // PID Response (Output)
- unsigned int rin; // PID Feedback (Input)
- sbit data1=P1^0;
- sbit clk=P1^1;
- sbit plus=P2^0;
- sbit subs=P2^1;
- sbit stop=P2^2;
- sbit output=P3^4;
- sbit DQ=P3^3;
- unsigned char flag,flag_1=0;
- unsigned char high_time,low_time,count=0;//占空比调节参数
- unsigned char set_temper=35;
- unsigned char temper;
- unsigned char i;
- unsigned char j=0;
- unsigned int s;
- /***********************************************************
- 延时子程序,延时时间以12M晶振为准,延时时间为30us×time
- ***********************************************************/
- void delay(unsigned char time)
- {
- unsigned char m,n;
- for(n=0;n<time;n++)
- for(m=0;m<2;m++){}
- }
- /***********************************************************
- 写一位数据子程序
- ***********************************************************/
- void write_bit(unsigned char bitval)
- {
- EA=0;
- DQ=0; /*拉低DQ以开始一个写时序*/
- if(bitval==1)
- {
- _nop_();
- DQ=1; /*如要写1,则将总线置高*/
- }
- delay(5); /*延时90us供DA18B20采样*/
- DQ=1; /*释放DQ总线*/
- _nop_();
- _nop_();
- EA=1;
- }
- /***********************************************************
- 写一字节数据子程序
- ***********************************************************/
- void write_byte(unsigned char val)
- {
- unsigned char i;
- unsigned char temp;
- EA=0;
- TR0=0;
- for(i=0;i<8;i++) /*写一字节数据,一次写一位*/
- {
- temp=val>>i; /*移位操作,将本次要写的位移到最低位*/
- temp=temp&1;
- write_bit(temp); /*向总线写该位*/
- }
- delay(7); /*延时120us后*/
- // TR0=1;
- EA=1;
- }
- /***********************************************************
- 读一位数据子程序
- ***********************************************************/
- unsigned char read_bit()
- {
- unsigned char i,value_bit;
- EA=0;
- DQ=0; /*拉低DQ,开始读时序*/
- _nop_();
- _nop_();
- DQ=1; /*释放总线*/
- for(i=0;i<2;i++){}
- value_bit=DQ;
- EA=1;
- return(value_bit);
- }
- /***********************************************************
- 读一字节数据子程序
- ***********************************************************/
- unsigned char read_byte()
- {
- unsigned char i,value=0;
- EA=0;
- for(i=0;i<8;i++)
- {
- if(read_bit()) /*读一字节数据,一个时序中读一次,并作移位处理*/
- value|=0x01<<i;
- delay(4); /*延时80us以完成此次都时序,之后再读下一数据*/
- }
- EA=1;
- return(value);
- }
- /***********************************************************
- 复位子程序
- ***********************************************************/
- unsigned char reset()
- {
- unsigned char presence;
- EA=0;
- DQ=0; /*拉低DQ总线开始复位*/
- delay(30); /*保持低电平480us*/
- DQ=1; /*释放总线*/
- delay(3);
- presence=DQ; /*获取应答信号*/
- delay(28); /*延时以完成整个时序*/
- EA=1;
- return(presence); /*返回应答信号,有芯片应答返回0,无芯片则返回1*/
- }
- /***********************************************************
- 获取温度子程序
- ***********************************************************/
- void get_temper()
- {
- unsigned char i,j;
- do
- {
- i=reset(); /*复位*/
- } while(i!=0); /*1为无反馈信号*/
- i=0xcc; /*发送设备定位命令*/
- write_byte(i);
- i=0x44; /*发送开始转换命令*/
- write_byte(i);
- delay(180); /*延时*/
- do
- {
- i=reset(); /*复位*/
- } while(i!=0);
- i=0xcc; /*设备定位*/
- write_byte(i);
- i=0xbe; /*读出缓冲区内容*/
- write_byte(i);
- j=read_byte();
- i=read_byte();
- i=(i<<4)&0x7f;
- s=(unsigned int)(j&0x0f); //得到小数部分
- s=(s*100)/16;
- j=j>>4;
- temper=i|j; /*获取的温度放在temper中*/
- }
- /*====================================================================================================
- Initialize PID Structure
- =====================================================================================================*/
- void PIDInit (struct PID *pp)
- {
- memset ( pp,0,sizeof(struct PID)); //全部初始化为0
- }
- /*====================================================================================================
- PID计算部分
- =====================================================================================================*/
- unsigned int PIDCalc( struct PID *pp, unsigned int NextPoint )
- {
- unsigned int dError,Error;
- Error = pp->SetPoint - NextPoint; // 偏差
- pp->SumError += Error; // 积分
- dError = pp->LastError - pp->PrevError; // 当前微分
- pp->PrevError = pp->LastError;
- pp->LastError = Error;
- return (pp->Proportion * Error // 比例项
- + pp->Integral * pp->SumError // 积分项
- + pp->Derivative * dError); // 微分项
- }
- /***********************************************************
- 温度比较处理子程序
- ***********************************************************/
- void compare_temper()
- {
- unsigned char i;
- if(set_temper>temper) //是否设置的温度大于实际温度
- {
- if(set_temper-temper>1) //设置的温度比实际的温度是否是大于1度
- {
- high_time=100; //如果是,则全速加热
- low_time=0;
- }
- else //如果是在1度范围内,则运行PID计算
- {
- for(i=0;i<10;i++)
- {
- get_temper(); //获取温度
- rin = s; // Read Input
- rout = PIDCalc ( &spid,rin ); // Perform PID Interation
- }
- if (high_time<=100)
- high_time=(unsigned char)(rout/800);
- else
- high_time=100;
- low_time= (100-high_time);
- }
- }
- else if(set_temper<=temper)
- {
- if(temper-set_temper>0)
- {
- high_time=0;
- low_time=100;
- }
- else
- {
- for(i=0;i<10;i++)
- {
- get_temper();
- rin = s; // Read Input
- rout = PIDCalc ( &spid,rin ); // Perform PID Interation
- }
- if (high_time<100)
- high_time=(unsigned char)(rout/10000);
- else
- high_time=0;
- low_time= (100-high_time);
- }
- }
- // else
- // {}
- }
- /*****************************************************
- T0中断服务子程序,用于控制电平的翻转 ,40us*100=4ms周期
- ******************************************************/
- void serve_T0() interrupt 1 using 1
- {
- if(++count<=(high_time))
- output=1;
- else if(count<=100)
- {
- output=0;
- }
- else
- count=0;
- TH0=0x2f;
- TL0=0xe0;
- }
- /*****************************************************
- 串行口中断服务程序,用于上位机通讯
- ******************************************************/
- void serve_sio() interrupt 4 using 2
- {
- /* EA=0;
- RI=0;
- i=SBUF;
- if(i==2)
- {
- while(RI==0){}
- RI=0;
- set_temper=SBUF;
- SBUF=0x02;
- while(TI==0){}
- TI=0;
- }
- else if(i==3)
- {
- TI=0;
- SBUF=temper;
- while(TI==0){}
- TI=0;
- }
- EA=1; */
- }
- void disp_1(unsigned char disp_num1[6])
- {
- unsigned char n,a,m;
- for(n=0;n<6;n++)
- {
- // k=disp_num1[n];
- for(a=0;a<8;a++)
- {
- clk=0;
- m=(disp_num1[n]&1);
- disp_num1[n]=disp_num1[n]>>1;
- if(m==1)
- data1=1;
- else
- data1=0;
- _nop_();
- clk=1;
- _nop_();
- }
- }
- }
- /*****************************************************
- 显示子程序
- 功能:将占空比温度转化为单个字符,显示占空比和测得到的温度
- ******************************************************/
- void display()
- {
- unsigned char code number[]={0xfc,0x60,0xda,0xf2,0x66,0xb6,0xbe,0xe0,0xfe,0xf6};
- unsigned char disp_num[6];
- unsigned int k,k1;
- k=high_time;
- k=k%1000;
- k1=k/100;
- if(k1==0)
- disp_num[0]=0;
- else
- disp_num[0]=0x60;
- k=k%100;
- disp_num[1]=number[k/10];
- disp_num[2]=number[k%10];
- k=temper;
- k=k%100;
- disp_num[3]=number[k/10];
- disp_num[4]=number[k%10]+1;
- disp_num[5]=number[s/10];
- disp_1(disp_num);
- }
- /***********************************************************
- 主程序
- ***********************************************************/
- void main()
- {
- unsigned char z;
- unsigned char a,b,flag_2=1,count1=0;
- unsigned char phil[]={2,0xce,0x6e,0x60,0x1c,2};
- TMOD=0x21;
- TH0=0x2f;
- TL0=0x40;
- SCON=0x50;
- PCON=0x00;
- TH1=0xfd;
- TL1=0xfd;
- PS=1;
- EA=1;
- EX1=0;
- ET0=1;
- ES=1;
- TR0=1;
- TR1=1;
- high_time=50;
- low_time=50;
- PIDInit ( &spid ); // Initialize Structure
- spid.Proportion = 10; // Set PID Coefficients 比例常数 Proportional Const
- spid.Integral = 8; //积分常数 Integral Const
- spid.Derivative =6; //微分常数 Derivative Const
- spid.SetPoint = 100; // Set PID Setpoint 设定目标 Desired Value
- while(1)
- {
- if(plus==0)
- {
- EA=0;
- for(a=0;a<5;a++)
- for(b=0;b<102;b++){}
- if(plus==0)
- {
- set_temper++;
- flag=0;
- }
- }
- else if(subs==0)
- {
- for(a=0;a<5;a++)
- for(b=0;a<102;b++){}
- if(subs==0)
- {
- set_temper--;
- flag=0;
- }
- }
- else if(stop==0)
- {
- for(a=0;a<5;a++)
- for(b=0;b<102;b++){}
- if(stop==0)
- {
- flag=0;
- break;
- }
- EA=1;
- }
- get_temper();
- b=temper;
- if(flag_2==1)
- a=b;
- if((abs(a-b))>5)
- temper=a;
- else
- temper=b;
- a=temper;
- flag_2=0;
- if(++count1>30)
- {
- display();
- count1=0;
- }
- compare_temper();
- }
- TR0=0;
- z=1;
- while(1)
- {
- EA=0;
- if(stop==0)
- {
- for(a=0;a<5;a++)
- for(b=0;b<102;b++){}
- if(stop==0)
- disp_1(phil);
- // break;
- }
- EA=1;
- }
- }
赞一个。