ads1158/ads1258调试总结
时间：10-02
整理：3721RD
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近期一直在调试ads1158，终于能够得到正常的输出，期间在网上查了很多的资料，发现关于ads1158的资料很少，尤其是基于verilog的程序几乎没有，所查的资料大多语焉不详，因此，本着人人为我，我为人人的精神，现在把ads1158的调试心得写出来，希望能够帮助一些开发者，节省开发时间。
1、在开发初期，由于是中途接手的项目，对硬件熟悉不够，导致耽误了不少时间，具体的硬件原因就不细说了，因为每一个开发者的硬件不可能是一样的，在这里给的建议是：在ads1158这部分的电路，可以根据数据手册来设计。另外，对于ads1158或者1258来说，模拟量是可以通过muxoutp（pin44）和muxoutn（pin43）引出来后自己添加一些信号处理的电路（如放大，滤波等），再由管脚adcinp（pin42）和adcinn（pin41）输入进芯片进行a/d转换，当然也可以在内部直接连接。如果需要在外部进行信号处理的话，在程序设计的时候需要对config0寄存器bit4位置为1（默认值为0）。数据手册上给出了两种外部信号处理的电路，在数据手册的42和43页。
2、在程序设计的时候，数据手册上给出了一个流程（在数据手册的40页）。具体为：1）reset spi接口。这是非常重要的一步，这也是我调试花的时间最多地方。如果要使芯片能正常工作，首先要使spi能正常工作。在调试前，有必要仔细研究一下spi的时序（数据手册第7页，图1）。复位的步骤是先将cs置高一段时间再拉低,至于置高的时间我也没搞懂，如果按照数据手册上的4096个fclk的话，发现spi的输出线上的数据是乱的，然后我就不断地增加延长的时间，直至spi出现的数据与预想的差不多。sck的信号通过spi master端（可以是单片机、dsp、cpld/fpga等）给出，这里要注意sck的信号是需要的时候再给，而不是一直给的。比如在发送命令、读取寄存器值，或者读取数据的时候。当然，对另外一个管脚cs的控制也很重要，cs的控制也是在需要的时候再拉低，闲时置高。2）把start管脚置为0，停止转换。一般在初始化的时候基本上都是start=0的。3）软件复位芯片。有的是把reset脚通过硬件复位的，由于我们是软件复位的，不熟悉硬件复位的情况，所以对于硬件复位的话，这步可能不需要。4）配置寄存器。配置的值按照数据手册上的说明结合自己的实际需求给出。5）回读寄存器的值。这个步骤在调试的时候很有用，可以作为判断是否正常工作，如果读出来的值与写进去的值一样，说明spi能够正常工作，尤其是可以根据id寄存器的值来判断，因为这个值是固定的。当然，如果程序调试好了，这部分的程序是可以不要的。6）以上的步骤完成后，可以将start置为1，开始转换。7）开始读数据，读的方式按照数据手册上的三种（直接读，命令读，脉冲读）选一种即可，我选的是直接读，根据drdy的管脚来判断。基本上按照以上的流程来操作是没有问题的，不管是基于什么语言开发。在这里再次强调一下首先要保证spi能够正常通讯。
3、ads1258基本上和1158操作流程是一样的。网上关于1258的例程比1158的多。TI的这两款芯片用好了是高性能ad转换器，用不好能把人折腾死。数据手册一定要细读。我在调试期间在社区里发了两个帖子都烂尾，不知道是我问的问题太简单，还是工作人员太忙，最后也就不了了之。
4、以下是基于verilog编写的源代码。cpld的晶振是50M。分频后得到500K作为sck。
module adc( clk, rst_n, cs, sck, start, pwdn, drdy, miso, mosi, rst_ad, dataout, clkout );
input clk,rst_n;
input miso; //from ad device
input drdy;
output reg start;
output reg rst_ad;
output reg pwdn;
output reg cs;
output sck;
output reg mosi ;//to ad device
reg[15:0] cnt;
output reg clkout;
always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n)begin
if (!rst_n) begin
clkout <= 1'd0;
cnt<=16'd0;
end
else if (cnt == 16'd50) begin
clkout <=~clkout;
cnt <=16'd0;
end
else begin
cnt <=cnt+1'd1;
end
end
assign sck =clkout && flag_sck;//通过一个标志位与clkout与操作后得到sck
reg flag_sck;
reg [15:0]state_spi;
reg [31:0]time_delay1,time_delay2;
always @(negedge clkout or negedge rst_n) begin
if(!rst_n) begin
cs <=1'd1;
flag_sck <=1'd0;
rst_ad <=1'd0;
pwdn<=1'd1;
rst_ad<=1'd1;
state_spi<=16'd0;
time_delay1<=32'd0;
time_delay2<=32'd0;
end
else begin
case (state_spi)
16'd0: begin cs<=1'd1;flag_sck<=1'd0;//start<=1'd0;mosi<=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd1: begin if(time_delay1==32'd3000)begin //3000这个值是最后试出来的,如果按照500K的sck来算，远大于数据手册上的4096fclk。 cs<=1'd0; flag_sck<=1'd1; time_delay1<=32'd0; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end else begin cs<=1'd1; time_delay1<=time_delay1+1'd1; end
end
16'd2: begin start<=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd3: begin if(time_delay2==32'd3000)begin //复位芯片，这个值也是最后试出来的。 rst_ad<=1'd1; time_delay2<=32'd0; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end else begin rst_ad<=1'd0; time_delay2<=time_delay2+1'd1; end
end
16'd4: begin cs <=1'd1;flag_sck<=1'd0; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd5: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd6: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd7: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd8: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd9: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd10: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd11: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd12: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd13: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd14: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd15: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd16: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd17: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd18: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd19: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd20: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd21: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd22: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd23: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd24: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd25: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd26: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd27: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd28: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd29: state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd30: begin state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1; end
16'd31: begin cs<=1'd0;//flag_sck<=1'd1;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
//write register command
16'd32: begin flag_sck<=1'd1;mosi<=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd33: begin //flag_sck<=1'd1;mosi<=1'd1;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd34: begin mosi<=1'd1;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd35: begin mosi<=1'd1;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd36: begin mosi<=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd37: begin mosi<=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd38: begin mosi<=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd39: begin mosi<=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
//config0
16'd40: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd41: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd42: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd43: begin mosi <=1'd1;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd44: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd45: begin mosi <=1'd1;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd46: begin mosi <=1'd1;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd47: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
//config1
16'd48: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd49: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd50: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd51: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd52: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd53: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd54: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd55: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
//muxsch
16'd56: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd57: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd58: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd59: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd60: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd61: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd62: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd63: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
//muxdif
16'd64: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd65: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd66: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd67: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd68: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd69: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd70: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd71: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
//muxsg0
16'd72: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd73: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd74: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end //
16'd75: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd76: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd77: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd78: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd79: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
//muxsg1
16'd80: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd81: begin mosi <=1'd1;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd82: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end //
16'd83: begin //ch12mosi <=1'd1;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd84: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd85: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd86: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd87: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
//sysred
16'd88: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd89: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd90: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd91: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd92: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd93: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd94: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd95: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
//gpioc
16'd96: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd97: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd98: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end //
16'd99: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd100: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd101: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd102: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd103: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
//gpiod
16'd104: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd105: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd106: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end //
16'd107: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd108: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd109: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd110: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd111: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
//id
16'd112: begin mosi <=1'd1;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd113: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd114: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd115: begin mosi <=1'd1;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd116: begin mosi <=1'd1;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd117: begin mosi <=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd118: begin mosi <=1'd1;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd119: begin mosi <=1'd1;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd120: begin cs<=1'd1;flag_sck<=1'd0;mosi<=1'd0;//start<=1'd1;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
end
16'd121:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd122:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd123:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd124:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd125:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd126:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd127:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd128:begin state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd129: begin cs<=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd130: begin flag_sck<=1'd1;mosi<=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd131: begin mosi<=1'd1; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd132: begin mosi<=1'd0; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd133: begin mosi<=1'd1; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd134: begin mosi<=1'd0; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd135: begin mosi<=1'd0; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd136: begin mosi<=1'd0; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd137: begin mosi<=1'd0; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd138: begin state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd139:begin state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd140:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd141:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd142:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd143:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd144:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd145:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd146:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd147:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd148:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd149:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd150:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd151:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd152:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd153:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;//16
16'd154: begin state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd155:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd156:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd157:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd158:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd159:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd160:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd161:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd162:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd163:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd164:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd165:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd166:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd167:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd168:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd169:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd170: begin state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd171:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd172:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd173:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd174:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd175:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd176:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd177:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;//40
16'd178:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd179:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd180:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd181:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd182:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd183:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd184:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd185:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd186: begin state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd187:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd188:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd189:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd190:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd191:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd192:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd193:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd194:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd195:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd196:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd197:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd198:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd199:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd200:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd201:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd202: begin state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd203:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;//66
16'd204:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd205:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd206:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd207:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd208:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd209:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd210:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd211:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd212:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd213:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd214:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd215:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd216:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd217:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;//88
16'd218:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd219:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd220:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd221:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd222:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd223:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd224:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd225:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd226:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd227: begin cs<=1'd1;flag_sck<=1'd0;start<=1'd1;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;//state_spi<=16'd228;
end
16'd228:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd229:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd230:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd231:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd232:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd233:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd234:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
//16'd235:begin state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd235: begin if(drdy==1'd0)begin //cs<=1'd0; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
end
16'd236:begin cs<=1'd0;state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd237: begin flag_sck<=1'd1; mosi<=1'd0; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd238: begin mosi<=1'd0; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd239: begin mosi<=1'd0; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd240: begin mosi<=1'd0; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd241: begin mosi<=1'd0; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd242: begin mosi<=1'd0; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd243: begin mosi<=1'd0; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd244: begin mosi<=1'd0; state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd245: begin state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;end
16'd246:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd247:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd248:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd249:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd250:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd251:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd252:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd253:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd254:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd255:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd256:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd257:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd258:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd259:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd260:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
/*16'd261:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd262:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd263:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd264:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd265:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd266:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd267:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd268:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
/*16'd154:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd155:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd156:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd157:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd158:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd159:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd160:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;
16'd161:state_spi<=state_spi+1'd1;*/
16'd261: begin cs<=1'd1;flag_sck<=1'd0;flag_rdat<=1'd0;state_spi<=16'd228;
end
default:state_spi<=16'd0;
endcase
end
end
endmodule
感谢楼主的分享, 支持一下
感谢楼主的分享。BTW，请教一下楼主，ADS1158的CLKIO不用的话，是悬空还是下拉接地？谢谢
这个你得参考数据手册
感谢
您好，我最近也在调试spi通讯方面，看了这篇文章学习到了很多，请问可以给下联系方式吗，有一些问题想请教，谢谢